Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Chemical Compounds
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AAGRs |
Annual average growth rates |
AAUs |
Assigned Amount Units |
ABWR |
Advanced Boiling Water Reactor |
ACEA |
European Automobile Manufacturers Association |
ADB |
Asian Development Bank |
AEEI |
Autonomous Energy Efficiency Improvement |
AIJ |
Activity Implemented Jointly |
ALGAS |
Asia-Least-Cost Greenhouse Gas Abatement Strategy |
ALM |
Africa, Latin America and the Middle East. |
ARD |
Afforestation, Reforestation and Deforestation |
ASF |
Atmospheric Stabilization Framework |
BAU |
Business-As-Usual |
BIGCC |
Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle |
BOP |
Balance-Of-Payments |
BWR |
Boiling Water Reactor |
C |
Carbon |
C2F6 |
Perfluoroethane / Hexafluoroethane |
CAC |
Command and control |
CAFE |
Corporate Average Fuel Economy |
CANZ |
Canada, Australia and New Zealand |
CBA |
Cost Benefit Analysis |
CCGT |
Combined Cycle Gas Turbine |
CDM |
Clean Development Mechanism |
CEA |
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis |
CERs |
Certified Emission Reductions |
CF4 |
Perfluoromethane / Tetrafluoromethane |
CFCs |
Chlorofluorocarbons |
CFL |
Compact Fluorescent Lamps |
CGE |
Computable General Equilibrium |
CGIAR |
Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research |
CH4 |
Methane |
CHP |
Combined Heat and Power |
CO |
Carbon-monoxide |
CO2 |
Carbon-dioxide |
CoP |
Conference of Parties |
CSD |
Commission for Sustainable Development |
DAFs |
Decision Analysis Frameworks |
DCs |
Developing Countries |
DES |
Development, Equity, and Sustainability |
DMF |
Decision Making Framework |
DSM |
Demand Side Management |
EBRD |
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development |
ECE |
UN Economic Commission for Europe |
EEA |
European Environmental Agency |
EFSU |
The East and Central European countries and the Former Soviet Union |
EITs |
Economies In Transition |
EMF |
Energy Modelling Forum |
EMS |
Environmental Management Standard |
ERUs |
Emission Reduction Units |
ESCOs |
Energy Service Companies |
ESTs |
Environmentally Sound Technologies |
EU |
European Union |
FAO |
United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization |
FBC |
Fluid Bed Combustion |
FDIs |
Foreign Direct Investments |
FGD |
Flue Gas Desulphurization |
FSU |
Former Soviet Union |
GATT |
General Agreement on Trade and Tariff |
GDP |
Gross Domestic Product |
GEF |
Global Environment Facility |
GHGs |
Greenhouse Gases |
GNP |
Gross National Product |
GWP |
Global Warming Potential / Gross World Product |
H2O |
Water vapour |
HCs |
Hydrocarbons |
HCFC |
Hydrochlorofluorocarbon |
HDI |
Human Development Index |
HFCs |
Hydrofluorocarbons (hydrogenated Fluorocarbons) |
HFE |
Hydrofluoroethers |
HVAC |
Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning |
IA |
Integrated Assessment |
IAEA |
International Atomic Energy Agency |
IAMs |
Integrated Assessment Models |
ICAO |
International Civil Aviation Organization |
ICE |
Internal Combustion Engine |
IEA |
International Energy Agency |
IET |
International Emissions Trading |
IGCC |
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle |
IGCCS |
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle or Supercritical |
IMO |
International Maritime Organization |
IPCC |
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
IPR |
Intellectual Property Rights |
IS92 |
IPCC 1992 Scenario |
ISIC |
International Standard Industrial Classification |
ISO |
International Standardization Organization |
IUCN |
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
JI |
Joint Implementation |
LESS |
Low CO2 emitting Energy Supply System |
LNG |
Liquid Natural Gas |
LPG |
Liquefied Petroleum Gas |
LWR |
Light Water Reactor |
MAC |
Marginal Abatement Cost |
MDBs |
Multilateral Development Banks |
MEAs |
Multilateral Environmental Agreements |
MNCs |
Multinational Corporations |
N |
Nitrogen (element) |
N2 |
Nitrogen (gas) |
N2O |
Nitrous oxide |
Na3AlF6 |
Cryolite |
NACE |
Nomenclature des Activites dans la Communaute Europienne (Index of Business
Activities in the European Union) |
NGOs |
Non-Governmental Organizations |
NH3 |
Ammonia |
NH4 |
Ammonium ion |
NICs |
Newly Industrialized Countries |
NMHC |
Non-Methane Hydrocarbon |
NMVOCs |
Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds |
NO |
Nitric oxide |
NO2 |
Nitrogen dioxide |
NOx |
The sum of NO and NO2 |
O2 |
Oxygen |
O3 |
Ozone |
ODA |
Official Development Assistance |
ODS |
Ozone Depleting Substances |
OECD |
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development |
OPEC |
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries |
PEM |
Proton exchange membrane |
PFC |
Perfluorocarbon |
PPM |
Processes and Production Method or Parts Per Million |
PPP |
Purchasing Power Parity or Polluter Pays Principle |
PQLI |
Physical Quality of Life Index |
PV |
Photo Voltaic |
PWR |
Pressurized Water Reactor |
QELRCs |
Quantified Emission Limitation or Reduction Commitments |
R&D |
Research and Development |
SAR |
Second Assessment Report of the IPCC |
SBSTA |
Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice |
SF6 |
Sulfur hexafluoride |
SMEs |
Small and Medium Sized Enterprises |
SO2 |
Sulphur dioxide |
SOx |
Sulphur oxides |
SPM |
Summary for Policymakers |
SRES |
Special Report on Emissions Scenarios |
SRLULUCF |
Special Report on Land-Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry |
SRTT |
Special Report on Methodological and Technological Issues in Technology
Transfer |
TAR |
Third Assessment Report |
TPES |
Total Primary Energy Supply |
TS |
Technical Summary |
TSU |
Technical Support Unit |
UNCED |
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development |
UNDP |
United Nations Development Programme |
UNEP |
United Nations Environment Programme |
UNFCCC |
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
VA |
Voluntary Agreement or Value - Added |
VAT |
Value Added Tax |
VOC |
Volatile organic compound |
WCED |
World Commission on Environment and Development |
WEC |
World Energy Council |
WG I |
Working Group One of the IPCC |
WG II |
Working Group Two of the IPCC |
WG III |
Working Group Three of the IPCC |
WHO |
World Health Organization |
WMO |
World Meteorological Organization |
WRE |
Wigley, Richels and Edmonds. |
WTA |
Willingness to Accept compensation |
WTO |
World Trade Organization |
WTP |
Willingness to Pay |
WWF |
World Wide Fund for Nature |