Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability

4.5.3. Catchment and System Case Studies

Table 4-8: Studies of impact of climate change on water resources and hazards (published since the SAR).

Impact	Catchment/Region	Reference
Public water supply
– Water supply systems – Supply reservoirs – Supply reservoir – Supply reservoir – Supply reservoirs – Supply system – Groundwater supply – Water supply system – Supply system	Four U.S. basins Czech Republic Philippines Yangtze basin, China UK, Iran Poland Texas, USA New York City, USA Rhine River	Lettenmaier et al. (1999) Dvorak et al. (1997) Jose et al. (1996) Shen and Liang (1998) Adeloye et al. (1998) Kaczmarek et al. (1996) Loaiciga et al. (1998) Blake et al. (2000) Grabs (1997)

Irrigation
– Impacts on crop yields – Impacts on crop yields – Rice irrigation – Irrigated agriculture – Irrigated cropland – Irrigated cropland	New York, Indiana, and Oklahoma, USA Southern European Russia Senegal River basin, West Africa Columbia River, USA/Canada Georgia, USA USA	Tung and Haith (1998) Georgiyevsky et al. (1996) Venema et al. (1997) Cohen et al. (2000) Hatch et al. (1999) Strzepek et al. (1999)

Power generation
– Hydropower (reservoir) – Hydropower (reservoir) – Hydropower (lake) – Hydropower (lake) – Hydropower (reservoir) – Hydropower (reservoir)	Southeast USA Nordic region Great Lakes Four U.S. basins Columbia River, USA/Canada Tana River, Kenya	Robinson (1997) Saelthun et al. (1998) Chao and Wood (1999) Lettenmaier et al. (1999) Cohen et al. (2000) Mutua (1998)

Navigation
– River navigation – River navigation – River navigation – Lake navigation	Rhine River Three U.S. basins Columbia River, USA/Canada Great Lakes	Grabs (1997) Lettenmaier et al. (1999) Cohen et al. (2000) Chao and Wood (1999)

Flood risk
– Riverine flood risk – Riverine flood risk – Riverine flood risk – Riverine flood risk	Rhine basin Eastern Australia Columbia River, USA/Canada Five U.S. basins	Grabs (1997) Minnery and Smith (1996) Cohen et al. (2000) Lettenmaier et al. (1999)

Pollution control and water quality management
– Wastewater treatment	Slovakia	Carmichael et al. (1996)

Low flows and instream needs
– Fishery impacts – Environmental low flows	Columbia River, USA/Canada Midwest USA	Cohen et al. (2000) Eheart et al. (1999)

General overview
– Review – Review – Review – Review – Review – Review – Review – Review	UK USA Canada Central Great Plains, USA Mexico Estonia South Asia Kenya	Arnell (1998) Gleick (2000) Bruce et al. (2000) Ojima et al. (1999) Mendoza et al. (1997) Jarvet (1998) Mirza (1999) Awuor (1998)

Although there have been many assessments of the effect of climate change on river flows and (to a much lesser extent) groundwater recharge, there have been few published quantitative studies into impacts on real water resource systems. Table 4-8 lists studies published in particular aspects of the water sector. Rather than summarize a large number of studies—which use different scenarios and different methodologies—this section gives a description of a few particularly comprehensive studies.

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