Other reports in this collection
Alcamo, J. (ed.), 1994: IMAGE 2.0: Integrated Modeling of Global Climate
Change. Special issue of Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 76(1-2).
Arnold, F., J. Schneider, K. Gollinger, H. Schlager, P. Schulte, D.E.
Hagen, P.D. Whitefield and P. van Velthoven, 1997: Observation of upper tropospheric
sulfur dioxide and acetone pollution: potential implications for hydroxyl radical
and aerosol formation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 57-60.
Bakwin, P.S., P.P. Tans and P.C. Novelli, 1994: Carbon monoxide budget
in the northern hemisphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 433-436.
Battle, M., M. Bender, T. Sowers, P.P. Tans, J.H. Butler, J.W. Elkins,
T. Conway, N. Zhang, P. Lang and A.D. Clarke, 1996: Atmospheric gas concentrations
over the past century measured in air from firn at South Pole. Nature, 383,
231-235.
Becker, K.H., J.C. Lörzer, R. Kurtenbach, P. Wiesen, T.E. Jensen
and T.J. Wallington, 1999: Nitrous oxide emissions from vehicles. Envir. Sci.
Tech., 33, 4134-4139.
Bekki, S., K.S. Law and J.A. Pyle, 1994: Effect of ozone depletion on
atmospheric CH4 and CO concentrations. Nature, 371, 595-597.
Benkovitz, C.M., M.T. Scholtz, J. Pacyna, L. Tawasou, J. Dignon, E.C.
Voldner, P.A. Spiro, J.A. Logan and T.E. Graedel, 1996: Global gridded inventories
of anthropogenic emissions of sulfur and nitrogen. J. Geophys. Res., 101,
29239-29252.
Bergamaschi, P., R. Hein, M. Heimann and P.J. Crutzen, 2000: Inverse
modeling of the global CO cycle 1. Inversion of CO mixing ratios. J. Geophys.
Res., 105, 1909-1927.
Berges, M.G.M., R.M. Hofmann, D. Schafre and P.J. Crutzen, 1993: Nitrous
oxide emissions from motor vehicles in tunnels and their global extrapolation.
J. Geophys. Res., 98, 18527-18531.
Berntsen, T. and I.S.A. Isaksen, 1997: A global three-dimensional chemical
transport model for the troposphere. 1. Model description and CO and ozone results.
J. Geophys. Res., 102, 21239-21280.
Berntsen, T. and I.S.A. Isaksen, 1999: Effects of lightning and convection
on changes in tropospheric ozone due to NOx emissions from aircraft.
Tellus, 51B, 766-788.
Berntsen, T., I.S.A. Isaksen, W.-C. Wang and X.-Z. Liang, 1996: Impacts
of increased anthropogenic emissions in Asia on tropospheric ozone and climate.
A global 3-D model study. Tellus, 48B, 13-32.
Berntsen, T.K., S. Karlsdottir and D.A. Jaffe, 1999: Influence of Asian
emissions on the composition of air reaching the North Western United States.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2171-2174.
Bey, I., R.M. Yantosca and D.J. Jacob, 1999: Export of pollutants from
eastern Asia: a simulation of the PEM - West (B) aircraft mission using a 3-D
model driven by assimilated meteorological fields. Presented at AGU spring meeting,
1999.
Bolin, B. and H. Rodhe, 1973: A note on the concepts of age distribution
and transit time in natural reservoirs. Tellus, 25, 58-62.
Blunier, T., J. Chappellaz, J. Schwander, J.-M. Barnola, T. Desperts,
B. Stauffer and D. Raynaud, 1993: Atmospheric methane, record from a Greenland
ice core over the last 1000 years. J. Geophys. Res., 20, 2219-2222.
Blunier, T., J. Chappellaz, J. Schwander, B. Stauffer and D. Raynaud,
1995: Variations in atmospheric methane concentration during the Holocene epoch.
Nature, 374, 46-49.
Brasseur, G.P., J.T. Kiehl, J.-F. Muller, T. Schneider, C. Granier, X.X.
Tie and D. Hauglustaine, 1998a: Past and future changes in global tropospheric
ozone: impact on radiative forcing. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3807-3810.
Brasseur, G.P., D.A. Hauglustaine, S. Walters, P.J. Rasch, J.-F. Müller,
C. Granier and X.X. Tie, 1998b: MOZART, a global chemical transport model for
ozone and related chemical tracers: 1. Model description. J. Geophys. Res.,
103, 28265-28289.
Brook, E.J., S. Harder, J. Severinghaus, E.J. Steig and C.M. Sucher,
2000: On the origin and timing of rapid changes in atmospheric methane during
the last glacial period. Global Biogechem. Cycles, 14, 559-572.
Brune, W.H., D. Tan, I.F. Faloona, L. Jaeglé, D.J. Jacob, B.G.
Heikes, J. Snow, Y. Kondo, R. Shetter, G.W. Sachse, B. Anderson, G.L. Gregory,
S. Vay, H.B. Singh, D.D. Davis, J.H. Crawford and D.R. Blake, 1999: OH and HO2
chemistry in the north Atlantic free troposphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26,
3077-3080.
Butler, J.H., S.A. Montzka, A.D. Clarke, J.M. Lobert and J.W. Elkins,
1998a: Growth and distribution of halons in the atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res.,
103, 1503-1511.
Butler, J.H. et al., 1998b: Nitrous oxide and halocompounds. In “Climate
Monitoring and Diagnostics Laborartory Summary Report No. 24, 1996-1997,”
edited by D.J. Hofmann, J.T. Peterson and R.M. Rosson, pp. 91-121.
Butler, J.H., M. Battle, M.L. Bender, S.A. Montzka, A.D. Clark, E.S.
Saltzman, C.M. Sucher, J.P. Severinghaus and J.W. Elkins, 1999: A record of
atmospheric halocarbons during the twentieth century from polar firn air. Nature,
399, 749-755.
Cao, M., K. Gregson and S. Marshall, 1998: Global methane emission from
wetlands and its sensitivity to climate change. Atmos. Env., 32, 3293-3299.
Chameides, W.L., P.S. Kasibhatla, J. Yienger and H. Levy, 1994: Growth
of continental-scale metro-agro-plexes, regional ozone pollution, and world
food-production. Science, 264, 74-77.
Chappellaz, J., T. Blunier, S. Kints, A. Dällenbach, J.-M. Barnola,
J. Schwander, D. Raynaud and B. Stauffer, 1997: Changes in the atmospheric CH4
gradient between Greenland and Antarctica during the Holocene. J. Geophys. Res.,
102, 15987-15999.
Christian, H.J. et al., 1999: Global frequency and distribution of lightning
as observed by the optical transient detector (OTD). 11th International Conference
on Atmospheric Electricity, Guntersville, AL NASA/CP-1999-209261.
Collins, W.J., D.S. Stevenson, C.E. Johnson and R.G. Derwent, 1997: Tropospheric
ozone in a global-scale three-dimensional Lagrangian model and its response
to NOx emission controls. J. Atmos. Chem., 26, 223-274.
Collins, W.J., D.S. Stevenson, C.E. Johnson and R.G. Derwent, 1999: The
role of convection in determining the budget of odd hydrogen in the upper troposphere.
J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26927-26941.
Collins, W.J., D.S. Stevenson, C.E. Johnson and R.G. Derwent, 2000: The
European regional ozone distribution and its links with the global scale for
the years 1992 and 2015. Atmos. Env., 34, 255-267.
Crutzen, P.J., M.G. Lawrence and U. Poschl, 1999: On the background photochemistry
of tropospheric ozone. Tellus, 51A-B, 123-146.
Daniel, J.S. and S. Solomon, 1998: On the climate forcing of carbon monoxide.
J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13249-13260.
Davidson, E.A and W. Kingerlee, 1997: A global inventory of nitric oxide
emissions form soils. 48, 37-50.
DeCaria, A., K.E. Pickering, G.L. Stenchikov, J.R. Scala, J.E. Dye, B.A.
Ridley and P. Laroche, 2000: A cloud-scale model study of lightning-generated
NOx in an individual thunderstorm during STERAO-A. J. Geophys. Res.,
105, 11601-11616.
DeMore, W.B., S.P. Sander, D.M. Goldan, R.F. Hampson, M.J. Kurylo, C.J.
Howard, A.R. Ravishankara, C.E. Kolb and M.J. Molina, 1997: Chemical kinetics
and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling. Evaluation No. 12,
JPL Publication 97-4, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, CA.
Dentener, F.J. and P.J. Crutzen, 1993: Reaction of N2O5
on tropospheric aerosols: Impact on the global distribution of NOx,
O3, and OH. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 7149-7163.
Derwent, R. and R. Friedl, 1999: Chapter 2. Impacts of Aircraft Emissions
on Atmospheric Ozone. In: Aviation and the Global Atmosphere, edited by J.E.
Penner et al., Cambridge University Press, pp 29-64.
Derwent, R.G., W.J. Collins, C.E. Johnson and D.S. Stevenson, 2001: Transient
behaviour of tropospheric ozone precursors in a global 3-D CTM and their indirect
greenhouse effects. Clim Change, 49:4, in press.
Dessler, A.E., 1998: A reexamination of the ‘stratospheric fountain’
hypothesis. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 4165-4168.
Dickens, G.R., 1999: The blast in the past. Nature, 401, 752-755.
Dickens, G., 2001: On the fate of past gas: what happens to methane released
from a bacterially mediated gas hydrate capacitor? Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.,
2, 2000GC000131.
Dickerson, R.R., B.G. Doddridge, P.K. Kelley and K.P. Rhoads, 1995: Large-scale
pollution of the atmosphere over the North Atlantic Ocean: Evidence from Bermuda.
J. Geophys Res., 100, 8945-8952.
Dickerson, R.R., S. Kondragunta, G. Stenchikov, K.L. Civerolo, B.G. Doddridge
and B.N. Holben, 1997: The impact of aerosols on solar radiation and photochemical
smog. Science, 278, 827-830.
Dickerson, R.R., K.P. Rhoads, T.P. Carsey, S.J. Oltmans, J.P. Burrows
and P.J, Crutzen, 1999: Ozone in the remote marine boundary layer: A possible
role for halogens. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 21385-21395.
Ding, A. and M.X. Wang, 1996: A Model for methane emission from rice
field and its application in southern China. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,
13, 159-168.
Dlugokencky, E.J., E.G. Dutton, P.C. Novelli, P.P. Tans, K.A. Masarie,
K.O. Lantz and S. Madronich, 1996: Changes in CH4 and CO growth rates
after the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo and their link with changes in tropical tropospheric
UV flux. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2761-2764.
Dlugokencky, E.J., K.A. Masarie, P.M. Lang and P.P. Tans, 1998: Continuing
decline in the growth rate of the atmospheric methane burden. Nature, 393,
447-450.
Ehhalt, D.H., 1998: Radical ideas. Science, 279, 1002-1003.
Ehhalt, D.H., 1999: Gas phase chemistry of the troposphere. Chapter 2
in “Global Aspects of Atmospheric Chemistry”, edited by Deutsche Bunsen-Gesellschaft
fûr Physikalische Chemie e.V., R. Zellner guest editor, Darmstadt Steinkopff,
New York, Springer, pp. 21-109.
Ehhalt, D.H. and F. Rohrer, 2000: Dependence of the OH concentration
on solar UV. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 3565-3571.
Ehhalt, D.H., U. Schmidt, R. Zander, P. Demoulin and C.P. Rinsland, 1991:
Seasonal cycle and secular trend of the total and tropospheric column abundance
of ethane above Jungfraujoch. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 4985-4994.
Elkins, J.W., J.H. Butler, D.F. Hurst, S.A. Montzka, F.L. Moore, T.M.
Thompson and B.D. Hall, 1998: Halocarbons and other Atmospheric Trace Species
Group/Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (HATS/CMDL), http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/hats
or anonymous ftp://ftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/hats,
Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Elliott, S., D.R. Blake, R.A. Duce, C.A. Lai, I. McCreary, L.A. McNair,
F.S. Rowland, A.G. Russell, G.E. Streit and R.P. Turco, 1997: Motorization of
China implies changes in Pacific air chemistry and primary production. Geophys.
Res. Lett., 24, 2671-2674.
Emmons, L.K., M.A. Carroll, D.A. Hauglustaine, G.P. Brasseur, C. Atherton,
J. Penner, S. Sillman, H. Levy II, F. Rohrer, W.M.F. Wauben, P.F.J. Van Velthoven,
Y. Wang, D. Jacob, P. Bakwin, R. Dickerson, B. Doddridge, C. Gerbig, R. Honrath,
G. Hûbler, D. Jaffee, Y. Kondo, J.W. Munger, A. Torres and A. Volz-Thomas,
1997: Climatologies of NOx and NOy: A comparison of data and models.
Atmos. Env., 31, 1851-1904.
Etheridge, D.M., L.P. Steele, R.J. Francey and R.L. Langenfelds, 1998:
Atmospheric methane between 1000 A.D. and present: Evidence of anthropogenic
emissions and climatic variability. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 15979-15993.
Faloona, I., D. Tan, W.H. Brune, L. Jaeglé, D.J. Jacob, Y. Kondo,
M. Koike, R. Chatfield, R. Pueschel, G. Ferry, G. Sachse, S. Vay, B.
Anderson, J. Hannon and H. Fuelberg, 2000: Observations of HOx and
its relationship with NOx in the upper troposphere during SONEX.
J. Geophys. Res., 105, 3771-3783.
Fishman, J. and V.G. Brackett, 1997: The climatological distribution
of tropospheric ozone derived from satellite measurements using version 7 Total
Ozone Mapping Spectrometer and Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment data
sets. J. Geophys. Res., 102: 19275-19278.
Flückiger, J., A. Dällenbach, T. Blunier, B. Stauffer, T.F.
Stocker, D. Raynaud and J.-M. Barnola, 1999: Variations in atmospheric N2O
concentration during abrupt climatic changes. Science, 285, 227-230.
Folkins, I., P.O. Wennberg, T.F. Hanisco, J.G. Anderson and R.J. Salawitch,
1997: OH, HO2 and NO in two biomass burning plumes: Sources of HOx
and implications for ozone production. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 3185-3188.
Francey, R.J., M.R. Manning, C.E. Allison, S.A. Coram, D.M. Etheridge,
R.L. Langenfelds, D.C. Lowe and L.P. Steele, 1999: A history of d13C in atmospheric
CH4 from the Cape Grim air archive and Antarctic firn air. J. Geophys.
Res., 104, 23631-23643.
Fraser, P.J. and M.J. Prather, 1999: Uncertain road to ozone recovery.
Nature, 398, 663-664.
Fraser, P.J., D.E. Oram, C.E. Reeves, S.A. Penkett and A. McCulloch,
1999: Southern Hemisphere halon trends (1978-1998) and global halon emissions.
J. Geophys. Res., 104, 15985-15999.
Frolking, S.E., A.R. Mosier, D.S. Ojima, C. Li, W.J. Parton, C.S. Potter,
E. Priesack, R. Stenger, C. Haberbosch, P. Dorsch, H. Flessa, K.A. Smith, 1998:
Comparison of N2O emissions from soils at three temperate agricultural
sites: simulations of year-round measurements by four models. Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys.,
52, 77-105.
Fuglestvedt, J.S., J.E. Jonson and I.S.A. Isaksen, 1994: Effects of reduction
in stratospheric ozone on tropospheric chemistry through changes in photolysis
rates. Tellus, 46B, 172-192.
Fuglestvedt, J.S., J.E. Jonson, W.-C. Wang and I.S.A. Isaksen, 1995:
Climate change and its effect on tropospheric ozone. In: Atmospheric Ozone as
a Climate Gas, edited by W.C. Wang and I.S.A. Isaksen, pp. 145-162, NATO ASI
Series vol. 132, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Fuglestvedt, J.S., I.S.A. Isaksen and W.-C. Wang, 1996: Estimates of
indirect global warming potentials for CH4, CO, and NOx.
Clim. Change, 34, 405-437.
Fuglestvedt, J.S., T. Berntsen, I.S.A. Isaksen, M. Liang and W.-C. Wang,
1999: Climatic forcing of nitrogen oxides through changes in tropospheric ozone
and methane; global 3-D model studies. Atmos. Env., 33, 961-977.
Fung, I., J. John, J. Lerner, E. Matthews, M. Prather, L.P. Steele and
P.J. Fraser, 1991: Three-dimensional model synthesis of the global methane cycle.
J. Geophys. Res., 96, 13033-13065.
Geller, L.S., J.W. Elkins, J.M. Lobert, A.D. Clarke, D.F. Hurst, J.H.
Butler and R.C. Myers, 1997: Tropospheric SF6: observed latitudinal
distribution and trends, dervived emissions, and interhemispheric exchange time.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 675-678.
Graedel, T.E., T.S. Bates, A.F. Bouwman, D. Cunnold, J. Dignon, I. Fung,
D.J. Jacob, B.K. Lamb, J.A. Logan, G. Marland, P. Middleton, J.M. Pacyna, M.
Placet and C. Veldt , 1993: A compilation of inventories of emissions to the
atmosphere. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 7, 1-26.
Granier, C. and K.P. Shine, 1999: Chapter 10. Climate Effects of Ozone
and Halocarbon Changes. In: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998.
Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project - Report No. 44, World Meteorological
Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 10.1-10.38.
Granier, C., J.-F. Müller, S. Madronich and G.P. Brasseur, 1996:
Possible causes of the 1990-1993 decrease in the global tropospheric CO abundances:
A three-dimensional sensitivity study. Atmos. Env., 30, 1673-1682.
Guenther, A., C. Hewitt, D. Erickson, R. Fall, C. Geron, T. Graedel,
P. Harley, L. Klinger, M. Lerdau, W. McKay, T. Pierce, B. Scholes, R. Steinbrecher,
R. Tallamraju, J. Taylor and P. Zimmerman, 1995: A global model of natural volatile
organic compound emissions. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 8873-8892.
Guenther, A., B. Baugh, G. Brasseur, J. Greenberg, P. Harley, L. Klinger,
D. Serca and L. Vierling, 1999: Isoprene emission estimates and uncertainties
for the Central African EXPRESSO study domain. J. Geophys. Res., 104,
30625-30639.
Hall, S. J. and P.A. Matson, 1999: Nitrogen oxide emissions after N additions
in tropical forests. Nature, 400, 152-155.
Hallock-Waters, K.A., B.G. Doddridge, R.R. Dickerson, S. Spitzer and
J.D. Ray, 1999: Carbon monoxide in the U.S. mid-Atlantic troposphere: Evidence
for a decreasing trend. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2816-2864.
Hannegan, B., S. Olsen, M. Prather, X. Zhu, D. Rind and J. Lerner, 1998:
The dry stratosphere: A limit on cometary water influx. Geophys.Res.Lett., 25,
1649-1652.
Hansen, J., M. Sato and R. Ruedy, 1997a: Radiative forcing and climate
response. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 6831-6864.
Hansen, J., M. Sato, R. Ruedy, A. Lacis, K. Asamoah and 38 others, 1997b:
Forcings and chaos in interannual to decadal climate change. J. Geophys. Res.,
102, 25679-25720.
Harnisch, J. and A. Eisenhauer, 1998: Natural CF4 and SF6
on Earth. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2401-2404.
Harnisch, J., R. Borchers, P. Fabian and M. Maiss, 1996: Tropospheric
trends for CF4 and CF3CF3 since 1982 derived
from SF6 dated stratospheric air. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23,
1099-1102.
Harnisch, J., R. Borchers, P. Fabian and M. Maiss, 1999: CF4 and the
age of mesospheric and polar vortex air. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 295-298.
Harris, N.R.P., G. Ancellet, L. Bishop, D.J. Hofmann, J.B. Kerr, R.D.
McPeters, M. Prendez, W.J. Randel, J. Staehelin, B.H. Subbaraya, A. Volz-Thomas,
J. Zawodny and C.S. Zerefos, 1997: Trends in stratospheric and free tropospheric
ozone. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1571-1590.
Hauglustaine, D.A., G.P. Brasseur, S. Walters, P.J. Rasch, J.-F. Müller,
L.K. Emmons and M.A. Carroll, 1998: MOZART, a global chemical transport model
for ozone and related chemical tracers: 2. Model results and evaluation. J.
Geophys. Res., 103, 28291-28335.
Haywood, J.M., M.D. Schawrzkopf and V. Ramaswamy, 1998: Estimates of
radiative forcing due to modeled increases in tropospheric ozone. J. Geophys.
Res., 103, 16999-17007.
Hein, R., P.J. Crutzen and M. Heinmann, 1997: An inverse modeling approach
to investigate the global atmospheric methane cycle. Global Biogeochem. Cycles,
11, 43-76.
Hoell, J.M., D.D. Davis, S.C. Liu, R.E. Newell, H. Akimoto, R.J. McNeal
and R.J. Bendura, 1997: The Pacific Exploratory Mission-West, Phase B: Feb-March,
1994. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28223-28239.
Hoell, J.M., D.D. Davis, D.J. Jacob, M.O. Rogers, R.E. Newell, H.E. Fuelberg,
R.J. McNeal,. J.L. Raper and R.J. Bendura, 1999: Pacific Exploratory Mission
in the tropical Pacific: PEM-Tropics A, August-September 1996. J. Geophys. Res.,
104, 5567-5583.
Hofmann, D.J. and J.A. Pyle, 1999: Chapter 12. Predicting Future Ozone
Changes and Detection of Recovery. In: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion:
1998. Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project - Report No. 44, World Meteorological
Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 12.1-57.
Hogan, K.B. and R.C. Harriss, 1994: Comment on ‘A dramatic decrease
in the growth rate of atmospheric methane in the northern hemisphere during
1992’ by Dlugokencky et al. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2445-2446.
Holland, E.A., B.H. Braswell, J.F. Lamarque, A. Townsend, J. Sulzman,
J.F. Muller, F. Dentener, G. Brasseur, H. Levy, J.E. Penner and G.J. Roelofs,
1997: Variations in the predicted spatial distribution of atmospheric nitrogen
deposition and their impact on carbon uptake by terrestrial ecosystems. J. Geophys.
Res., 102, 15849-15866.
Holland, E.A., F.J. Dentener, B.H. Braswell and J.M. Sulzman, 1999: Contemporary
and pre-industrial reactive nitrogen budgets. Biogeochemistry, 46, 7-43.
Holmes, K.J. and J.H. Ellis, 1999: An integrated assessment modeling
framework for assessing primary and secondary impacts from carbon dioxide stabilization
scenarios. Env. Modeling and Assessment, 4, 45-63.
Houweling, S., F. Dentener and J. Lelieveld, 1998: The impact of non-methane
hydrocarbon compounds on tropospheric photochemistry. J. Geophys. Res., 103,
10673-10696.
Houweling, S., T. Kaminski, F. Dentener, J. Lelieveld and M. Heimann,
1999: Inverse modeling of methane sources and sinks using the adjoint of a global
transport model. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26137-26160.
Houweling, S., F. Dentener, J. Lelieveld, B. Walter and E. Dlugokencky,
2000: The modeling of tropospheric methane: how well can point measurements
be reproduced by a global model? J. Geophys. Res., 105, 8981-9002.
Hudson, R.D. and A.M. Thompson. 1998: Tropical tropospheric ozone from
total ozone mapping spectrometer by a modified residual method. J. Geophys.
Res., 103, 22129-22145.
Huntrieser, H., H. Schlager, C. Feigl and H. Höller, 1998: Transport
and production of NOx in electrified thunderstorms: survey of previous
studies and new observations at midlatitudes. J. Geophys. Res., 103,
28247-28264.
Impey, G.A., C.M. Mihele, K.G. Anlauf, L.A. Barrie, D.R. Hastie and P.B.
Shepson, 1999: Measurements of photolyzable halogen compounds and bromine radicals
during the Polar Sunrise Experiment 1997. J. Atmos. Chem., 34, 21-37.
IPCC, 1996: Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Contribution
of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change [Houghton, J.T., L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander, N.
Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 572 pp.
Isaksen, I.S.A. and O. Hov, 1987: Calculations of trends in the tropospheric
concentrations of O3, OH, CO, CH4 and NOx.
Tellus, 39B, 271-283.
Isaksen, I. and C. Jackman, 1999: Chapter 4. Modeling the Chemical Composition
of the Future Atmosphere. In: Aviation and the Global Atmosphere, edited by
J.E. Penner et al., Cambridge University Press, pp 121-183.
IUPAC, 1997a: Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric
chemistry: Supplement V, IUPAC subcommittee on gas kinetic data evaluation for
atmospheric chemistry. Journal of Physical Chemistry Reference Data, 26,
512-1011.
IUPAC, 1997b: Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric
chemistry: Supplement VI, IUPAC subcommittee on gas kinetic data evaluation
for atmospheric chemistry. Journal of Physical Chemistry Reference Data, 26,
1329-1499.
IUPAC, 1999: Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric
chemistry: Supplement VII, IUPAC subcommittee on gas kinetic data evaluation
for atmospheric chemistry. Journal of Physical Chemistry Reference Data, 28,
191-393.
Jackman, C.H., E.L. Fleming, S. Chandra, D.B. Considine and J.E. Rosenfield,
1996: Past, present, and future modeled ozone trends with comparisons to observed
trends. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 28753-28767.
Jacob, D.J., 2000: Heterogeneous chemistry and tropospheric ozone. Atmos.
Env., 34, 2131-2159.
Jacob, D.J. et al. (30 authors), 1997: Evaluation and intercomparison
of global atmospheric transport models using 222Rn and other short-lived tracers.
J. Geophys. Res., 102, 5953-5970.
Jacob, D.J., J.A. Logan and P.P. Murti, 1999: Effect of rising Asian
emissions on surface ozone in the United States. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26,
2175-2178.
Jacobson, M.Z., 1998: Studying the effects of aerosols on vertical photolysis
rate coefficient and temperature profiles over an urban airshed. J. Geophys.
Res., 103, 10593-10604.
Jaeglé, L., D.J. Jacob, P.O. Wennberg, C.M. Spivakovsky, T.F.
Hanisco, E.L. Lanzendorf, E.J. Hintsa, D.W. Fahey, E.R. Keim, M.H. Proffitt,
E. Atlas, F. Flocke, S. Schauffler, C.T. McElroy, C. Midwinter, L. Pfister and
J.C. Wilson, 1997: Observed OH and HO2 in the upper troposphere suggest
a major source from convective injection of peroxides. Geophys. Res. Lett.,
24, 3181-3184.
Jaeglé, L., D.J. Jacob, W.H. Brune, I. Faloona, D. Tan, Y. Kondo,
G. Sachse, B. Anderson, G.L. Gregory, S. Vay, H.B. Singh, D.R. Blake and R.
Shetter, 1999: Ozone production in the upper troposphere and the influence of
aircraft during SONEX: approach of NOx-saturated conditions. Geophys.
Res. Lett., 26, 3081-3084.
Jaeglé, L., D.J. Jacob, W.H. Brune, I. Faloona, D. Tan, B.G. Heikes,
Y. Kondo, G. W. Sachse, B. Anderson, G.L. Gregory, H.B. Singh, R. Pueschel,
G. Ferry, D.R. Blake and R.Shetter, 2000: Photochemistry of HOx in the upper
troposphere at northern midlatitudes. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 3877-3892.
Jaffe, D.A., T. Anderson, D. Covert, R. Kotchenruther, B.Trost J. Danielson,
W. Simpson, T. Berntsen, S. Karlsdottir, D. Blake, J. Harris and G. Carmichael,
1999: Transport of Asian air pollution to North America. Geophys. Res. Lett.,
26, 711-714.
Jeuken, A.B.M., H.J. Eskes, P.F.J. van Velthoven, H.M. Kelder and E.V.
Hólm, 1999: Assimilation of total ozone satellite measurements in a three-dimensional
tracer transport model. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 5551-5563.
Jiménez, J.L., J.B. McManus, J.H. Shorter, D.D. Nelson, M.S. Zahniser,
M. Koplow, G.J. McRae and C.E. Kolb, 2000: Cross road and mobile tunable infrared
laser measurements of nitrous oxide emissions from motor vehicles. Chemosphere:
Global Change Science, (in press).
Johnson, C.E., W.J. Collins, D.S. Stevenson and R.G. Derwent, 1999: The
relative roles of climate and emissions changes on future oxidant concentrations.
J. Geophys. Res., 104, 18631-18645.
JPL, 1997: Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Stratospheric
Modeling: Evaluation 12. JPL-97-4, NASA Panel for Data Evaluation, Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, NASA Aeronautics and Space Administration, Pasadena, CA, USA, 266
pp.
JPL, 2000: Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Stratospheric
Modeling: Evaluation 13. JPL-00-3, NASA Panel for Data Evaluation, Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, NASA Aeronautics and Space Administration, Pasadena, CA, USA, 73
pp.
Kanakidou, M. and P.J. Crutzen, 1999: The photochemical source of carbon
monoxide: importance, uncertainties and feedbacks. Chemosphere: Global Change
Science, 1, 91-109.
Kanakidou, M., F.J. Dentener, G.P. Brasseur, T.K. Berntsen, W.J. Collins,
D.A. Hauglustaine, S. Houweling, I.S.A. Isaksen, M. Krol, M.G. Lawrence, J.-F.
Müller, N. Poisson, G.J. Roelofs, Y. Wang and W.M.F. Wauben, 1999: 3-D
global simulations of tropospheric CO distributions - results of the GIM/IGAC
intercomparison 1997 exercise. Chemosphere: Global Change Science, 1,
263-282.
Karlsdottir, S. and I.S.A. Isaksen, 2000: Changing methane lifetime:
Possible cause for reduced growth. Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 93-96.
Karlsdottir, S., I.S.A. Isaksen, G. Myhre and T.K. Berntsen, 2000: Trend
analysis of O3 and CO in the period 1980 to 1996: A 3-D model study.
J. Geophys. Res., 105, 28907-28933.
Kato, N. and H. Akimoto, 1992: Anthropogenic emissions of SO2
and NOx in Asia: emission inventories. Atmos. Env., 26A, 2997-3017.
Kennett, J.P., K.G. Cannariato, I.L. Hendy and R.J. Behl, 2000: Carbon
isotopic evidence for methane hydrate instability during quaternary interstadials.
Science, 288, 128-133.
Khalil, M.A.K. and R. Rasmussen, 1994: Global decrease in atmospheric
carbon monoxide. Nature, 370, 639-641.
Kheshgi, H.S., A.K. Jain, R. Kotamarthi and D.J. Wuebbles, 1999: Future
atmospheric methane concentrations in the context of the stabilization of greenhouse
gas concentrations. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19183-19190.
Kiehl, J.T., T.L. Schneider, R.W. Portmann and S. Solomon, 1999: Climate
forcing due to tropospheric and stratospheric ozone. J. Geophys. Res., 104,
31239-31254.
Kim, K.-R. and H. Craig, 1990: Two-isotope characterization of N2O
in the Pacific Ocean and constraints on its origin in deep water. Nature, 347,
58-61.
Kim, K.-R. and H. Craig, 1993: Nitrogen-15 and oxygen-18 characteristics
of nitrous oxide: A global perspective. Science, 262, 1855-1857.
Ko, M.K.W., R.-L. Shia, N.-D. Sze, H. Magid and R.G. Bray, 1999: Atmospheric
lifetime and global warming potential of HFC-245fa. J. Geophys. Res., 104,
8173-8181.
Kroeze, C., A. Mozier and L. Bouwman, 1999: Closing the N2O
Budget: A retrospective analysis. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 13, 1-8.
Krol, M., P.J. Van Leeuwen and J. Lelieveld, 1998: Global OH trend inferred
from methylchloroform measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 10697-10711.
Kurylo, M.J. and J.M. Rodriguez, 1999: Chapter 2, Short-lived Ozone-Related
Compounds. In: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998. Global Ozone
Research and Monitoring Project - Report No. 44, World Meteorological Organization,
Geneva, Switzerland, pp 2.1-56.
Labuschagne, C., E.-G. Brunke, B. Parker and H.E. Scheel, 1999: Cape
Point Trace Gas Observations Under Baseline and Non-Baseline Conditions. Poster
Presentation at NOAA CMDL Annual Meeting, 12-13 May, 1999.
Langenfelds, R.L., P.J. Fraser, R.J. Francey, L.P. Steele, L.W. Porter
and C.E. Allison, 1996: The Cape Grim Air Archive: The first seventeen years.
In “Baseline Atmospheric Program Australia, 1994-95,” edited by R.J.
Francey, A.L. Dick and N. Derek, pp. 53-70.
Lassey, K.R., D.C. Lowe, C.A.M. Brenninkmeijer and A.J. Gomez, 1993:
Atmospheric methane and its carbon isotopes in the southern hemisphere: Their
time series and an instructive model. Chemosphere: Global Change Science, 26,
95-100.
Law, K.S., P.-H. Plantevin, D.E. Shallcross, H.L.Rogers, J.A. Pyle, C.Grouhel,
V. Thouret and A. Marenco, 1998: Evaluation of modelled O3 using
MOZAIC data. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 25721-25740.
Law, K.S., P.-H. Plantevin, V. Thouret, A. Marenco, W.A.H. Asman, M.
Lawrence, P.J. Crutzen, J.F. Muller, D.A. Hauglustaine and M. Kanakidou, 2000:
Comparison between global chemistry transport model results and MOZAIC data.
J. Geophys. Res., 105, 1503-1525.
Lawrence, M. and P.J. Crutzen, 1999: The impact of cloud particle gravitational
settling on soluble trace gas distributions. Tellus, 50B, 263-289.
Lawrence, M.G., P.J. Crutzen, P.J. Rasch, B.E. Eaton and N.M. Mahowald,
1999: A model for studies of tropospheric photochemistry: description, global
distributions and evaluation. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26245-26277.
Lee, D.S., I. Köhler, E. Grobler, F. Rohrer, R. Sauen, L. Gallardo-Klenner,
J.J.G. Olivier, F.J. Dentener and A.F. Bouwman, 1997: Estimates of global NOx
emissions and their uncertainties. Atmos. Env., 31, 1735-1749.
Lelieveld, J. and P.J. Crutzen, 1990: Influences of cloud photochemical processes
on tropospheric ozone. Nature, 343, 227-233.
Lelieveld, J., P. Crutzen and F.J. Dentener, 1998: Changing concentration,
lifetime and climate forcing of atmospheric methane. Tellus, 50B, 128-150.
Lerdau, M. and M. Keller, 1997: Controls over isoprene emission from
trees in a sub-tropical dry forest. Plant, Cell, and Environment, 20,
569-578.
Levy II, H., P.S. Kasibhatla, W.J. Moxim, A.A. Klonecki, A.I. Hirsch,
S.J. Oltmans and W.L. Chameides, 1997: The global impact of human activity on
tropospheric ozone. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 791-794.
Li, C., S. Frolking and T.A. Frolking, 1992: A Model of nitrous oxide
evolution from soil dirvben by rainfall events: I. Model structure and sensitivity.
J. Geophys. Res., 97, 9759-9776.
Li, C., V. Narayanan and R. Harriss, 1996: Model estimates of nitrous
oxide evoluation from soil agricultural lands in the United States. Global Biogeochem.
Cycles, 10, 297-306.
Liang, J. and D.J. Jacob, 1997: Effect of aqueous phase cloud chemistry
on tropospheric ozone. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 5993-6001.
Logan, J.A., 1994: Trends in the vertical distribution of ozone: an analysis
of ozone sonde data. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25553-25585.
Logan, J.A., 1999: An analysis of ozonesonde data for the troposphere:
recommendations for testing 3-D models and development of a gridded climatology
for tropospheric ozone. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 16115-16149.
Logan, J.A., I.A. Megretskaia, A.J. Miller, G.C. Tiao, D. Choi, L. Zhang,
R.S. Stolarski, G.J. Labow, S.M. Hollandsworth, G.E. Bodeker, H. Claude, D.
DeMuer, J.B. Kerr, D.W. Tarasick, S.J. Oltmans, B. Johnson, F. Schmidlin, J.
Staehelin, P. Viatte and O. Uchino, 1999: Trends in the vertical distribution
of ozone: A comparison of two analyses of ozonesonde data. J. Geophys. Res.,
104, 26373-26399.
Lowe, D.C., C.A.M. Brenninkmeijer, G.W. Brailsford, K.R. Lassey and A.J.
Gomez, 1994: Concentration and 13C records of atmospheric methane
in New Zealand and Antarctica: Evidence for changes in methane sources. J. Geophys.
Res., 99, 16913-16925.
Lowe, D.C., M.R. Manning, G.W. Brailsford and A.M. Bromley, 1997: The
1991-1992 atmospheric methane anomaly: Southern Hemisphere C-13 decrease and
growth rate fluctuations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 857-860.
Machida, T, T. Nakazawa, Y. Fujii, S. Aoki and O. Watanabe, 1995: Increase
in the atmospheric nitrous oxide concentration during the last 250 years. Geophys.
Res. Lett., 22, 2921-2924.
Madronich, S. and G.J.M. Velders, 1999: Chapter 11, Halocarbon Scenarios
for the Future Ozone Layer and Related Consequences. In: Scientific Assessment
of Ozone Depletion: 1998. Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project - Report
No. 44, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, pp 11.1-38.
Mahieu, E., R. Zander, L. Delbouille, P. Demoulin, G. Roland and C. Servais,
1997: Observed trends in total column abundances of atmospheric gases from IR
solar spectra recorded at the Jungfraujoch. J. Atmos. Chem., 28, 227-243.
Maiss, M. and C.A.M. Brenninkmeijer, 1998: Atmospheric SF6:
trends, sources, and prospects. Envir. Sci. Tech., 32, 3077-3086.
Maiss, M., L.P. Steele, R.J. Francey, P.J. Fraser, R.L. Langenfelds,
N.B.A. Trivett and I. Levin, 1996: Sulfur hexafluoride - A powerful new atmospheric
tracer. Atmos. Env., 30, 1621-1629.
Mak, J.E., M.R. Manning and D.C. Lowe, 2000: Aircraft observations of
delta C-13 of atmospheric methane over the Pacific in August 1991 and 1993:
Evidence of an enrichment in (CH4)-C-13 in the Southern Hemisphere.
J. Geophys. Res., 105, 1329-1335.
Manning, M.R., 1999: Characteristic modes of isotopic variations in atmospheric
chemistry. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1263-1266.
Matson, P.A., W.H. McDowell, A.R. Townsend and P.M. Vitousek, 1999: The
globalization of N deposition: ecosystem consequences in tropical environments.
Biogeochemistry, 46, 67-83.
McElroy, M.B. and D.B.A. Jones, 1996: Evidence for an additional source
of atmospheric N2O. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10, 651-659.
McLinden, C., S. Olsen, B. Hannegan, O. Wild, M. Prather and J. Sundet,
2000: Stratospheric ozone in 3-D models: a simple chemistry and the cross-tropopause
flux. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 14653-14665.
Michelsen, H.A., F.W. Irion, G.L. Manney, G.C. Toon and M.R. Gunson,
2000: Features and trends in ATMOS version 3 stratospheric water vapor and methane
measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 22713-22724.
Mickley, L.J., P.P. Murti, D.J. Jacob, J.A. Logan, D. Rind and D. Koch,
1999: Radiative forcing from tropospheric ozone calculated with a unified chemistry-climate
model. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 30153-30172.
Miller, B., J. Huang, R. Weiss, R. Prinn and P. Fraser, 1998: Atmospheric
trend and lifetime of chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) and the global tropospheric
OH concentration. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13237-13248.
Molina, L.T., P.J. Woodbridge and M.J. Molina, 1995: Atmospheric reactions
and ultraviolet and infrared absorptivities of nitrogen trifluoride. Geophys.
Res. Lett., 22, 1873-1876.
Montzka, S.A., R.C. Myers, J.H. Butler and J.W. Elkins, 1994: Early trends
in the global tropospheric abundance of hydrochlorofluorocarbon -141b and -142b.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2483-2486.
Montzka, S.A., J.H. Butler, R.C. Myers, T.M. Thompson. T.H. Swanson,
A.D. Clarke, L.T. Lock and J.W. Elkins, 1996a: Decline in the tropospheric abundance
of halogen from halocarbons: implications for stratospheric ozone depletion.
Science, 272, 1318-1322.
Montzka, S.A., R.C. Myers, J.H. Butler, J.W. Elkins, L.T. Lock, A.D.
Clarke and A.H. Goldstein, 1996b: Observations of HFC-134a in the remote troposphere.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 169-172.
Montzka, S.A., J.H. Butler, J.W. Elkins, T.M. Thompson, A.D. Clarke and
L.T. Lock, 1999: Present and future trends in the atmospheric burden of ozone-depleting
halogens. Nature, 398, 690-694.
Montzka, S.A., C.M. Spivakovsky, J.H. Butler, J.W. Elkins, L.T. Lock
and D.J. Mondeel, 2000: New observational constraints for atmospheric hydroxyl
on global and hemispheric scales. Science, 288, 500-503.
Mosier, A.R., J.M. Duxbury, J.R. Freney, O. Heinemeyer, K. Minami and
D.E. Johnson, 1998a: Mitigating agricultural emissions of methane. Clim. Change,
40, 39-80.
Mosier, A, C. Kroeze, C. Nevison, O. Oenema, S. Seitzinger and O. van
Cleemput, 1998b: Closing the global N2O budget: nitrous oxide emissions
through the agricultural nitrogen cycle - OECD/IPCC/IEA phase II development
of IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventory methodology. Nutrient
Cycling in Agroecosystems, 52, 225-248.
Mote, P.W., T.J. Dunkerton, M.E. McIntyre, E.A. Ray, P.H. Haynes and
J.M. Russell, 1998: Vertical velocity, vertical diffusion, and dilution by midlatitude
air in the tropical lower stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8651-8666.
Moyer, E.J., F.W. Irion, Y.L. Yung and M.R. Gunson, 1996: ATMOS stratospheric
deuterated water and implications for troposphere-stratosphere transport. Geophys.
Res. Lett., 23, 2385-2388.
Müller, J.-F. and G. Brasseur, 1995: IMAGES: A three-dimensional
chemical transport model of the global troposphere. J. Geophys. Res., 100,
16445-16490.
Müller, J.-F. and G. Brasseur, 1999: Sources of upper tropospheric
HOx: A three-dimensional study. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1705-1715.
Murphy, D.M. and D.W. Fahey, 1994: An estimate of the flux of stratospheric
reactive nitrogen and ozone into the troposphere. J. Geophys. Res., 99,
5325-5332.
Naik, V., A.K. Jain, K.O. Patten, and D.J. Wuebbles, Consistent sets
of atmospheric lifetimes and radiative forcing on climate for CFC replacements:
HCFCs and HFCs, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 6903-6914, 2000.
Nakic´enovic´, N., J. Alcamo, G. Davis, B. de Vries, J. Fenhann,
S. Gaffin, K. Gregory, A. Grübler, T. Y. Jung, T. Kram, E. L. La Rovere,
L. Michaelis, S. Mori, T. Morita, W. Pepper, H. Pitcher, L. Price, K. Raihi,
A. Roehrl, H-H. Rogner, A. Sankovski, M. Schlesinger, P. Shukla, S. Smith, R.
Swart, S. van Rooijen, N. Victor, Z. Dadi, 2000: IPCC Special Report on Emissions
Scenarios, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York,
NY, USA, 599 pp.
Nedoluha, G.E., R.M. Bevilacqua, R.M. Gomez, D.E. Siskind, B.C. Hicks,
J.M. Russell and B.J. Connor, 1998: Increases in middle atmospheric water vapor
as observed by the Halogen Occultation Experiment and the ground-based Water
Vapor Millimeter-wave Spectrometer from 1991 to 1997. J. Geophys. Res., 103,
3531-3543.
Neue, H.-U. and R. Sass, 1998: The budget of methane from rice fields.
IGACtivities Newsletter, 12, 3-11.
Nevison C.D. and E.A. Holland, 1997: A reexamination of the impact of
anthropogenically fixed nitrogen on atmospheric N2O and the stratospheric
O3 layer. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 25519-25536.
Norris, R.D. and U. Röhl, 1999: Carbon cycling and chronology of
climate warming during the Palaeocene/Eocene transition. Nature, 401,
775-778.
Novelli, P.C., K.A. Masarie and P.M. Lang, 1998: Distribution and recent
changes of carbon monoxide in the lower troposphere. J. Geophys. Res., 103,
19015-19033.
Novelli, P.C., P.M. Lang, K.A. Masarie, D.F. Hurst, R. Myers and J.W.
Elkins, 1999: Molecular hydrogen in the troposphere: Global distribution and
budget. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 30427-30444.
Oltmans, S.J. and D.J. Hofmann, 1995: Increase in lower stratospheric
water vapor at midlatitude northern hemisphere. Nature, 374, 146-149.
Oltmans, S.J., A.S. Lefohn, H.E. Scheel, J.M. Harris, H. Levy, I.E. Galbally,
E.G. Brunke, C.P. Meyer, J.A. Lathrop, B.J. Johnson, D.S. Shadwick, E. Cuevas,
F.J. Schmidlin, D.W. Tarasick, H. Claude, J.B. Kerr, O. Uchino and V. Mohnen,
1998: Trends of ozone in the troposphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 139-142.
Olivier, J.G.J., A.F. Bouwman, K.W. van der Hoek and J.J.M. Berdowski,
1998: Global Air Emission Inventories for Anthropogenic Sources of NOx,
NH3 and N2O in 1990. Environmental Poll., 102,
135-148.
Olivier, J.G.J., A.F. Bouwman, J.J.M. Berdowski, C. Veldt, J.P.J. Bloos,
A.J.H. Visschedijk, C.W.M. van der Maas and P.Y.J. Zasndveld, 1999: Sectoral
emission inventories of greenhouse gases for 1990 on a per country basis as
well as on 1x1. Envir. Sci. Policy, 2, 241-263.
Oram, D.E., C.E. Reeves, S.A. Penkett and P.J. Fraser, 1995: Measurements
of HCFC-142b and HCFC-141b in the Cape Grim air archive: 1978-1993. Geophys.
Res. Lett., 22, 2741-2744.
Oram, D.E., C.E. Reeves, W.T. Sturges, S.A. Penkett, P.J. Fraser and
R.L. Langenfelds, 1996: Recent tropospheric growth rate and distribution of
HFC-134a (CF3CH2F). Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 1949-1952.
Oram, D.E., W.T. Sturges, S.A. Penkett, J.M. Lee, P.J. Fraser, A. McCulloch
and A. Engel, 1998: Atmospheric measurements and emissions of HFC-23 (CHF3).
Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 35-38.
Oram, D.E., W.T. Sturges, S.A. Penkett and P.J. Fraser, 1999: Tropospheric
abundance and growth rates of radiatively-active halocarbon trace gases and
estimates of global emissions. In IUGG 99: abstracts, Birmingham. [England]:
International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, 213 pp, abstract MI02/W/12-A4.
Orkin, V.L., E. Villenave, R.E. Huie and M.J. Kurylo, 1999: Atmospheric
lifetimes and global warming potentials of hydrofluoroethers: Reactivity toward
OH, UV spectra, and IR absorption cross sections. J. Phys. Chem., 103,
9770-9779.
Oum, K.W., M.J. Lakin and B.J. Finlayson-Pitts, 1998: Bromine activation
in the troposphere by the dark reaction of O-3 with seawater ice. Geophys. Res.
Lett., 25, 3923-3926.
Park, J.H., M.K.W. Ko, C.H. Jackman, R.A. Plumb, J.A. Kaye and K.H. Sage
(eds.), 1999: M&M-2, NASA: Models and Measurements Intercomparison II. TM_1999_209554,
September 1999, 502 pp.
Parrish, D.D., J.S. Holloway, M. Trainer, P.C. Murphy, G.L. Forbes and
F.C. Fehsenfeld, 1993: Export of North-American ozone pollution to the North-Atlantic
ocean. Science, 259, 1436-1439.
Parton, W.J., M. Hartman, D. Ojima and D. Schimel, 1998: DAYCENT and
its land surface submodel: description and testing. Global Planet. Change, 19,
35-48.
Penkett, S.A., A. Volz-Thomas, D.D. Parrish, R.E. Honrath and F.C. Fehsenfeld,
1998: The North Atlantic Regional Experiment (NARE II), Preface. J. Geophys.
Res., 103, 13353-13356.
Penner, J.E., D.H. Lister, D.J. Griggs, D.J. Dokken and M. McFarland
(eds.), 1999: Aviation and the Global Atmosphere. A Special Report of IPCC Working
Groups I and III, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 373 pp.
Petit, J.R., J. Jouzel, D. Raynaud, N.I. Barkov, J.M. Barnola, I. Basile,
M. Bender, J. Chappellaz, Davis, G. Delaygue, M. Delmotte, V.M. Kotlyakov, M.
Legrand, V.Y. Lipenkov, C. Lorius, L. Pepin, C. Ritz, E. Saltzman and M. Stievenard,
1999: Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok
ice core, Antarctica. Nature, 399, 429-436.
Pickering, K.E., A.M. Thompson, Y. Wang, W.-K Tao, D.P. McNamara, V.W.J.H.
Kirchoff, B.G. Heikes, G.W. Sachse, J.D. Bradshaw, G.L. Gregory and D.R. Blake,
1996: Convective transport of biomass burning emissions over Brazil during TRACE
a. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23993-24012.
Pickering, K.E., Y. Wang, W.-K. Tao, C. Price and J.-F. Müller,
1998: Vertical distribution of lightning NOx for use in regional
and global chemical transport models. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 31203-31216.
Pitari, G., B. Grassi and G. Visconti, 1997: Results of a chemical-transport
model with interactive aerosol microphysics. Proc. XVIII Quadrennial Ozone Symposium,
R. Bojkov and G. Visconti (eds.), pp 759-762.
Platt, U. and G.K. Moortgat, 1999: Heterogeneous and homogeneous chemistry
of reactive halogen compounds in the lower troposphere - XXIII General Assembly
of the EGS. J. Atmos. Chem., 34, 1-8.
Prados, A.I., R.R. Dickerson, B.G. Doddridge, P.A. Milne, J.L. Moody
and J.T. Merrill, 1999: Transport of ozone and pollutants from North America
to the North Atlantic Ocean during the 1996 Atmosphere/Ocean Chemistry Experiment
(AEROCE) intensive. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26219-26233.
Prather, M.J., 1996: Natural modes and time scales in atmospheric chemistry:
theory, GWPs for CH4 and CO, and runaway growth. Geophys. Res. Lett.,
23, 2597-2600.
Prather, M.J., 1998: Time scales in atmospheric chemistry: coupled perturbations
to N2O, NOy, and O3. Science, 279, 1339-1341.
Prather, M.J. and C.M. Spivakovsky, 1990: Tropospheric OH and the lifetimes
of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18723-18729.
Prather, M.J. and D.J. Jacob, 1997: A persistent imbalance in HOx and
NOx photochemistry of the upper troposphere driven by deep tropical
convection. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 3189-3192.
Prather, M. and R. Sausen, 1999: Chapter 6. Potential Climate Change
from Aviation. In: Aviation and the Global Atmosphere, edited by J.E. Penner
et al., Cambridge University Press, pp 185-215.
Prather, M., R. Derwent, D. Ehhalt, P. Fraser, E Sanhueza and X. Zhou,
1995: Other tracer gases and atmospheric chemistry. In: Climate Change 1994,
[Houghton, J.T. , L.G. Meira Filho, J. Bruce, Hoesung lee, B.A. Callander, E.
Haites, N. Harris and K. Maskell (eds.)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
UK, pp 73-126.
Price, C. and D. Rind, 1992: A simple lightning parameterization for
calculating global lightning distributions. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 9919-9933.
Price, C., J. Penner and M. Prather, 1997a: NOx from lightning
1. Global distribution based on lightning physics. J. Geophys. Res., 102,
5929-5941.
Price, C., J. Penner and M. Prather, 1997b: NOx from lightning
2. Constraints from the global electric circuit. J. Geophys. Res., 102,
5943-5951.
Prinn, R.G. and R. Zander, 1999: Chapter 1, Long-lived Ozone Related
Compounds. In: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998. Global Ozone
Research and Monitoring Project - Report No. 44, World Meteorological Organization,
Geneva, Switzerland, pp 1.1-54.
Prinn, R.G., D.M. Cunnold, R. Rasmussen, P.G. Simmonds, F.N. Alyea, A.J.
Crawford, P.J. Fraser and R.D. Rosen, 1990: Atmospheric emissions and trends
of nitrous oxide deduced from 10 years of ALE/GAGE data. J. Geophys. Res., 95,
18369-18385.
Prinn, R.G., R.F. Weiss, B.R. Miller, J. Huang, F.N. Alyea, D.M. Cunnold,
P.J. Fraser, D.E. Hartley and P.G. Simmonds, 1995: Atmospheric trend and lifetime
of CH3CCl3 and global OH concentrations. Science, 269, 187-192.
Prinn, R.G., R.F. Weiss, P.J. Fraser, P.G. Simmonds, F.N. Alyea and D.M.
Cunnold, 1998: The ALE/GAGE/AGAGE database. DOE-CDIAC World Data Center (e-mail
to: cpd@ornl.gov), Dataset No. DB-1001.
Prinn, R., H. Jacoby, A. Sokolov, C. Wang, X. Xiao, Z. Yang, R. Eckhaus,
P. Stone, D. Ellerman, J. Melillo, J. Fitzmaurice, D. Kicklighter, G. Holian
and Y. Liu, 1999: Integrated global system model for climate policy assessment:
Feedbacks and sensitivity studies. Clim. Change, 41, 469-546.
Prinn, R.G., R.F. Weiss, P.J. Fraser, P.G. Simmonds, D.M. Cunnold, F.N.
Alyea, S. O’Doherty, P. Salameh, B.R. Miller, J. Huang, R.H.J. Wang, D.E.
Hartley, C. Harth, L.P. Steele, G. Sturrock, P.M. Midgley and A. McCulloch,
2000: A history of chemically and radiatively important gases in air deduced
from ALE/GAGE/AGAGE. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 17751-17792.
Quay, P.D., S.L. King, J. Stutsman, D.O. Wilbur, L.P. Steele, I. Fung,
R.H. Gammon, T.A. Brown, G.W. Farwell, P.M. Grootes and F.H. Schmidt, 1991:
Carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric CH4: Fossil and biomass
burning source components. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 5, 25-47.
Quay, P., J. Stutsman, D. Wilbur, A. Stover, E. Dlugokencky and T. Brown,
1999: The isotopic composition of atmospheric methane. Global Biogeochem. Cycles,
13, 445-461.
Rahn, T. and M. Whalen, 1997: Stable isotope enrichment in stratospheric
nitrous oxide. Science, 278, 1776-1778.
Rahn, T., H. Zhang, M. Whalen and G.A. Blake, 1998: Stable isotope fractionation
during ultraviolet photolysis of N2O. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25,
4489-4492.
Randel, W.J., R.S. Stolarski, D.M. Cunnold, J.A. Logan, M.J. Newchurch
and J.M. Zawodny, 1999: Trends in the vertical distribution of ozone. Science,
285, 1689-1692.
Ridgwell, A.J., S.J. Marshall and K. Gregson, 1999: Consumption of methane
by soils: A process-based model. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 13, 59-70.
Rinsland, C.P., N.B. Jones, B.J. Connor, J.A. Logan, N.S. Pougatchev,
A. Goldman, F.J. Murcray, T.M. Stephen, A.S. Pine, R. Zander, E. Mahieu and
P. Demoulin, 1998: Northern and southern hemisphere ground-based infrared spectroscopic
measurements of tropospheric carbon monoxide and ethane. J. Geophys. Res., 103,
28197-28217.
Roelofs, G.-J. and J.S. Lelieveld, 1997: Model study of cross-tropopause
O3 transports on tropospheric O3 levels. Tellus, 49B,
38-55.
Roelofs, G.-J., J.S. Lelieveld and R. van Dorland, 1997: A three dimensional
chemistry/general circulation model simulation of anthropogenically derived
ozone in the troposphere and its radiative climate forcing. J. Geophys. Res.,
102, 23389-23401.
Rohrer, F., D. Brüning, E. Gobler, M. Weber, D. Ehhalt, R. Neubert,
W. Schübler, and I. Levine, 1998: Mixing ratios and photostationary state
of NO and NO2 observed during the POPCORN field campaign at a rural
site in Germany. J. Atmos. Chem., 31, 119-137.
Rosenlof, K.H., A.F. Tuck , K.K. Kelly, Kelly, J.M. Russell and M.P.
McCormick, 1997: Hemispheric asymmetries in water vapor and inferences about
transport in the lower stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 13213-13234.
Rudolph, J., 1995: The tropospheric distribution and budget of ethane.
J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11369-11381.
Sander, S.P., R.R. Friedl, W.B. DeMore, A.R. Ravishankara, D.M. Golden,
C.E. Kolb, M.J. Kurylo, R.F. Hampson, R.E. Huie, M.J. Molina and G.K. Moortgat,
2000: Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Stratospheric Modeling.
Supplement to Evaluation No. 12 - Update of Key Reactions and Evaluation No.13,
JPL Publication 00-3, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, CA.
SAR, see IPCC, 1996.
Sass, R.L., F.M. Fisher Jr., A. Ding and Y. Huang, 1999: Exchange of
methane from rice fields: national, regional, and global budgets. J. Geophys.
Res., 104, 26943-26951.
Schauffler, S.M. and J.S. Daniel, 1994: On the effects of stratospheric
circulation changes on trace gas trends. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25747-25754.
Schimel, D., D. Alves, I. Enting, M. Heimann, F. Joos, D. Raynaud, T.
Wigley, M. Prather, R. Derwent, D. Ehhalt, P. Fraser, E. Sanhueza, X. Zhou,
P. Jonas, R. Charlson, H. Rodhe, S. Sadasivan, K.P. Shine, Y. Fouquart, V. Ramaswamy,
S. Solomon, J. Srivinasan, D. Albritton, R. Derwent, I. Isaksen, M. Lal and
D. Wuebbles, 1996: Chapter 2, Radiative Forcing of Climate Change. In: Climate
Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group I
to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
[Houghton, J.T., L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg,
and K. Maskell (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, pp 65-131.
Schultz, M.G., D.J. Jacob, Y.H. Wang, J.A. Logan, E.L. Atlas, D.R. Blake,
N.J. Blake, J.D. Bradshaw, E.V. Browell, M.A. Fenn, F. Flocke, G.L. Gregory,
B.G. Heikes, G.W. Sachse, S.T. Sandholm, R.E. Shetter, H.B. Singh and R.W. Talbot,
1999: On the origin of troppospheric ozone and NOx over the tropical
South Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 5829-5843.
Shine, K.P., R.G. Derwent, D.J. Wuebbles and J.-J. Morcrette, 1990: Chapter
2. Radiative Forcing of Climate. In: Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment,
edited by J.T. Houghton, G.J. Jenkins, J.J. Ephraums, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, UK, pp 41-68.
Sillman, S., J.A. Logan and S.C. Wofsy, 1990: A regional scale-model
for ozone in the united-states with subgrid representation of urban and power-plant
plumes. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 5731-5748.
Simmonds, P.G., S. O’Doherty, J. Huang, R. Prinn, R.G. Derwent,
D. Ryall, G. Nickless and D. Cunnold, 1998: Calculated trends and the atmospheric
abundance of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, and 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane
using automated in-situ gas chromatography mass spectrometry measurements recorded
at Mace Head, Ireland, from October 1994 to March 1997. J. Geophys. Res., 103,
16029-16037.
Simmonds, P.G., R.G. Derwent, S. O’Doherty, D.B. Ryall, L.P. Steele,
R.L. Langenfelds, P. Salameh, H.J. Wang, C.H. Dimmer and L.E. Hudson, 2000:
Continuous high-frequency observations of hydrogen at the Mace Head baseline
atmospheric monitoring station over the 1994-1998 period. J. Geophys. Res.,
105, 12105-12121.
Simmons, A.J., A. Untch, C. Jakob, P. Kallberg and P. Unden, 1999: Stratospheric
water vapour and tropical tropopause temperatures in ECMWF analyses and multi-year
simulations. Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., Part A, 125, 353-386.
Singh, H.B., M. Kanakidou, P.J. Crutzen and D.J. Jacob, 1995: High concentrations
and photochemical fate of oxygenated hydrocarbons in the global troposphere.
Nature, 378, 50-54.
Singh, H.B., A.N. Thakur, Y.E. Chen and M. Kanakidou, 1996: Tetrachloroethylene
as an indicator of low Cl atom concentrations in the troposphere. Geophys. Res.
Lett., 23, 1529-1532.
Spivakovsky, C.M., J.A. Logan, S.A. Montzka, Y.J. Balkanski, M. Foreman-Fowler,
D.B.A. Jones, L.W. Horowitz, A.C. Fusco, C.A.M. Brenninkmeijer, M.J. Prather,
S.C. Wofsy and M.B. McElroy, 2000: Three-dimensional climatological distribution
of tropospheric OH: update and evaluation. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 8931-8980.
Staehelin, J., J. Thudium, R. Buehler, A. Volz-Thomas and W. Graber,
1994: Trends in surface ozone concentrations at Arosa (Switzerland). Atmos.
Env., 28, 75-87.
Staehelin, J., R. Kegel and N.R.P. Harris, 1998: Trend analysis of the
homogenized total ozone series of Arosa (Switzerland), 1926-1996. J. Geophys.
Res., 103, 8389-8399.
Stauffer, B., G. Fischer, A. Neftel and H. Oeschger, 1985: Increase of
atmospheric methane recorded in Antarctic ice core. Science, 229, 1386-1388.
Steele, L.P., R.L. Langenfelds, M.P. Lucarelli, P.J. Fraser, L.N. Cooper,
D.A. Spenser, S. Chea and K. Broadhurst, 1996: Atmospheric methane, carbon dioxide,
carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrous oxide from Cape Grim air samples analysed
by gas chromatography. In: Baseline Atmospheric Program Australia, 1994-95,
edited by R.J. Francey, A.L. Dick and N. Derek, pp 107-110.
Stevens, C.M. and A. Engelkemeir, 1988: Stable carbon isotopic composition
of methane from some natural and anthropogenic sources. J. Geophys. Res., 93,
725-733.
Stevenson, D.S., C.E. Johnson, W.J. Collins, R.G. Derwent and J.M. Edwards,
2000: Future tropospheric ozone radiative forcing and methane turnover - the
impact of climate change. Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2073-2076.
Sturges, W.T., T.J. Wallington, M.D. Hurley, K.P. Shine, K. Sihra, A.
Engel, D.E. Oram, S.A. Penkett, R. Mulvaney and C.A.M. Brenninkmeijer, 2000:
A potent greenhouse gas identified in the atmosphere: SF5CF3. Science, 289,
611-613.
Sturrock, G.A., S. O’Doherty, P.G. Simmonds and P.J. Fraser, 1999:
In situ GC-MS measurements of the CFC replacement chemicals and other halocarbon
species: The AGAGE program at Cape Grim, Tasmania. Proceedings of the Australian
Symposium on Analytical Science, Melbourne, July 1999, Royal Australian Chemical
Institute, 45-48.
Suess, E., G. Bohrmann, J. Greinert and E. Lausch, 1999: Flammable ice.
Scientific American, 52-59/76-83.
Sundet, J.K., 1997: Model Studies with a 3-D Global CTM using ECMWF data.
Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Geophysics, University of Oslo, Norway.
Talbot, R.W., J.E. Dibb, E.M. Scheuer, D.R. Blake, N.J. Blake, G.L. Gregory,
G.W. Sachse, J.D. Bradshaw, S.T. Sandholm and H.B. Singh, 1999: Influence of
biomass combustion emissions on the distribution of acidic trace gases over
the southern Pacific basin during austral springtime. J. Geophys. Res., 104,
5623-5634,.
Thakur, A.N., H.B. Singh, P. Mariani, Y. Chen, Y. Wang, D.J. Jacob, G.
Brasseur, J.-F. Müller and M. Lawrence, 1999: Distribution or reactive
nitrogen species in the remote free troposphere: data and model comparisons.
Atmos. Env., 33, 1403-1422.
Thompson, T.M., J.W. Elkins, J.H. Butler, S.A. Montzka, R.C. Myers, T.H.
Swanson, T.J. Baring, A.D. Clarke, G.S. Dutton, A.H. Hayden, J.M. Lobert, J.M.
Gilligan and C.M. Volk, 1994: 5. Nitrous oxide and Halocarbons Division. In:
Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory - No. 22 Summary Report 1993,
edited by J.T. Peterson and R.M. Rosson, US Department of Commerce, NOAA/ERL,
Boulder, CO, pp 72-91.
Thompson, A.M., K.E. Pickering, D.P. McNamara, M.R. Schoeberl, R.D. Hudson,
J.H. Kim, E.V. Browell, V.W.J.H. Kirchhoff and D. Nganga, 1996: Where did tropospheric
ozone over southern Africa and the tropical Atlantic come from in October 1992?
Insights from TOMS, GTE TRACE A and SAFARI 1992. J. Geophys. Res., 101,
24251-24278.
Thompson, A.M., L.C. Sparling, Y. Kondo, B.E. Anderson, G.L. Gregory
and G.W. Sachse, 1999: Perspectives on NO, NOy and fine aerosol sources and
variability during SONEX. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3073-3076.
van Aardenne, J.A., G.R. Carmichael, H. Levy, D. Streets and L. Hordijk,
1999: Anthropogenic NOx emissions in Asia in the period 1990-2020.
Atmos. Env., 33, 633-646.
Van Dorland, R., F.J. Dentener and J. Lelieveld, 1997: Radiative forcing
due to tropospheric ozone and sulfate aerosols. J. Geophys. Res., 102,
28079-28100.
Vogt, R., R. Sander, R. Von Glasow and P.J. Crutzen, 1999: Iodine chemistry
and its role in halogen activation and ozone loss in the marine boundary layer:
A model study. J. Atmos. Chem., 32, 375-395.
Volk, C.M., J.W. Elkins, D.W. Fahey, G.S. Dutton, J.M. Gilligan, M. Lowenstein,
J.R. Podolske, K.R. Chan and M.R. Gunson, 1997: Evaluation of source gas lifetimes
from stratospheric observations. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 25543-25564.
Volz, A. and D. Kley, 1988: Evaluation of the Montsouris series of ozone
measurements made in the nineteenth century. Nature, 332, 240-242.
Wahlen, M., N. Tanaka, R. Henery, B. Deck, J. Zeglen, J.S. Vogel, J.
Southon, A. Shemesh, R. Fairbanks and W. Broecker, 1989: Carbon-14 in methane
sources and in atmospheric methane: The contribution of fossil carbon. Science,
245, 286-290.
Wang, M.X. and X. Shangguan, 1996: CH4 emission from various
rice fields in P.R. China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 55, 129-138.
Wang, Y.H. and D.J. Jacob, 1998: Anthropogenic forcing on tropospheric
ozone and OH since preindustrial times. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 31123-31135.
Wang, Y., J.A. Logan and D.J. Jacob, 1998a: Global simulation of tropospheric
O3-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry. 2. Model evaluation and
global ozone budget. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 10727-10755.
Wang, Y., D.J. Jacob and J.A. Logan, 1998b: Global simulation of tropospheric
O3-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry. 3. Origin of tropospheric
ozone and effects of non-methane hydrocarbons. J. Geophys. Res., 103,
10757-10767.
Wauben, W.M.F., J.P.F. Fortuin, P.F.J. van Velthoven and H. Kelder, 1998:
Comparison of modelled ozone distributions with sonde and satellite observations.
J. Geophys. Res., 103, 3511-3530.
Wennberg, P.O., T.F. Hanisco, L. Jaegle, D.J. Jacob, E.J. Hintsa, E.J.
Lanzendorf, J.G. Anderson, R.-S. Gao, E.R. Kein, S.G. Donnelly, L.A. Del Negro,
D.W. Fahey, S.A. McKeen, R.J. Salawitch, C.R. Webster, R.D. May, R.L. Herman,
M.H. Profitt, J.J. Margitan, E.L. Atlas, S.M. Schauffer, F. Flocke, C.T. McElroy
and T.P. Bui, 1998: Hydrogen radicals, nitrogen radicals and the production
of O3 in the upper troposphere. Science, 279, 49-53.
Wild, O. and M.J. Prather, 2000: Excitation of the primary tropospheric
chemical mode in a global CTM. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24647-24660.
Wingen, L.M. and B.J. Finlayson-Pitts, 1998: An upper limit on the production
of N2O from the reaction of O(1D) with CO2 in the presence
of N2. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 517-520.
WMO, 1999: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998. Global Ozone
Research and Monitoring Project - Report No. 44, World Meteorological Organization,
Geneva, Switzerland, 732 pp.
Yienger, J.J. and H. Levy II, 1995: Empirical model of global soil-biogenic
NOx emissions. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11447-11464.
Yienger, J.J., A.A. Klonecki, H. Levy II, W.J. Moxim and G.R. Carmichael,
1999: An evaluation of chemistry’s role in the winter-spring ozone maximum
found in the northern midlatitude free troposphere. J.Geophys. Res., 104,
3655-3667.
Yoshida, N. and S. Toyoda, 2000: Constraining the atmospheric N2O
budget from intramolecular site preference in N2O isotopomers.
Nature, 405, 330-334.
Yung, Y.L. and C.E. Miller, 1997: Isotopic fractionation of stratospheric
nitrous oxide. Science, 278, 1778-1780.
Zander, R., P. Demoulin, D.H. Ehhalt, U. Schmidt and C.P. Rinsland, 1989:
Secular increase of total vertical column abundance of carbon monoxide above
central Europe since 1950. J. Geophys., Res., 94, 11021-11028.
Zander, R., D.H. Ehhalt, C.P. Rinsland, U. Schmidt, E. Mahieu, J. Rudolph,
P. Demoulin, G. Roland, L. Delbouille and A.J. Sauval, 1994: Secular trend and
seasonal variability of the column abundance of N2O above Jungfraujoch
station determined from IR solar spectra. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 16745-16756.
Ziemke, J.R., S. Chandra and P.K. Bhartia, 1998: Two new methods for
deriving tropospheric column ozone from TOMS measurements: Assimilated UARS
MLS/HALOE and convective-cloud differential techniques. J. Geophys. Res., 103,
22115-22127.
|
Other reports in this collection |
|